July 9, 2018

By William (Bill) Burr

The Code is a comprehensive document. Sometimes it can seem quite daunting to quickly find the information you need. This series of articles provides a guide to help users find their way through this critical document. This is not intended to replace the notes in Appendix B or the explanations of individual requirements contained in the CEC Handbook** but will hopefully provide some help in navigating, while reading the code.

The 24th Edition of the CE-C, Part I, (C22.1-18)* is now available from CSA Group. This discussion of Section 78 — Marine Wharves, Docking Facilities, Fixed and Floating Piers, and Boathouses is based on the new edition.

Rule 78-000 notes that notes that this is a supplementary or amendatory section of the code and applies to the installation of electric equipment and wiring methods on marine wharves, fixed or floating piers, docking facilities, and boathouses that are used for the construction, repair, storage, launching, berthing, and fuelling of watercraft. Appendix B and the CEC Handbook provide additional information.

Rule 78-002 contains definitions for special terminology used in this section for Boathouse, Docking facility, Fixed pier, Floating pier, and Marine wharf. It is important to understand these terms because of the specific applications for each situation.

General

The rules in this General part apply to all installations under this section.

Rule 78-050 outlines the requirements for receptacles and requires that

receptacles installed outdoors on fixed or floating piers, docking facilities, marine wharves, boathouses, and supplying shore power to boats be
- straight blade or locking type conforming to either Diagram 1 or 2 for receptacles rated 15 A and 20 A
- locking type conforming to Diagram 2 or of the pin and sleeve type for receptacles rated over 20 A up to and including 60 A
- pin and sleeve type for receptacles rated over 60 A (note: other configurations for shore power are permitted for specific applications), and
all receptacles be
- made of corrosion-resistant materials and provided with weatherproof enclosures (Appendix B discusses suitable materials)
- installed in accordance with Rule 26-708 where exposed to the weather
- located above the maximum normal water level and protected from splashing
- protected by a ground fault circuit interrupter of the Class A type for all receptacles rated at 125 V, 15 A or 20 A

Rule 78-052 provides the requirements for branch circuits and feeders, and requires that

a separate and individual branch circuit supply shore power to boats and not supply any other equipment
ground fault protection be provided to de-energize all ungrounded conductors of each feeder for distribution equipment for floating piers, docking facilities, and boathouses, set low enough to permit normal operation, but not greater than 30mA
additional ground fault protection for branch circuits installed in or on fixed or floating piers, docking facilities, and boathouses is not required where distribution conductors are provided protection, as above

Rule 78-054 provides the demand factors for the load for each feeder and service supplying receptacles intended for supplying shore power to boats and are calculated as follows:

100% of the sum of the first four receptacles having the highest ampere ratings, plus
65% of the sum of the ampere ratings of the next 4 receptacles having the same or next smaller ratings, plus
50% of the sum of the ampere ratings of the next 5 receptacles having the same or next smaller ratings, plus
25% of the sum of the ampere ratings of the next 16 receptacles having the same or next smaller ratings, plus
20% of the sum of the ampere ratings of the next 20 receptacles having the same or next smaller ratings, plus
15% of the sum of the ampere ratings of the next 20 receptacles having the same or next smaller ratings, plus
10% of the sum of the ampere ratings of the remainder of the receptacles, plus
other loads added in accordance with the Rules of Sections 8 and 14

Rule 78-056 requires wiring methods that

protect installations from mechanical damage, corrosion and severe weather conditions, including exposure to moisture, splashing of water and spray using
- corrosion-resistant rigid metal, RTRC or PVC conduit
- mineral-insulated cable having a copper sheath
- non-metallic-sheathed cable of the NMWU type
- armoured cable having moisture-resistant insulation and overall corrosion protection, or
- metal-sheathed cable having overall corrosion protection;
allow for tidal movement, or flexibility using a hard usage, outdoor flexible cord suitable for wet locations selected in accordance with Rule 12-402, and supported by gripping at both ends unless fastened to a structure
avoid mechanical damage of conduit, cable, and overhead wiring by installing and routing to avoid conflict with other users of the facility
prevent damage to conduit, cable, and wiring systems from wave action, ice, storm damage, and mooring hooks and lines
provide fastening hardware of galvanized steel, stainless steel, PVC-coated steel, brass, or other materials with similar corrosion-resistant properties

Rule 78-058 requires that bonding and grounding conductors be copper, be installed in accordance with Section 10, and be a minimum No. 12 AWG, if installed in areas subject to salt water splashing or spray.

Where it is impractical to install a shore-based grounding electrode because of poor earth conductivity, an underwater grounding grid conforming to the following methods may be used:

a readily accessible grounding conductor connection, to a steel piling, founded in the harbour bottom and continually immersed in salt water with the grounding conductor mechanically protected throughout its length; or
a thermit-welded grounding conductor connection to a minimum 10 mm thick and 0.36 m2 in area, steel plate electrode, founded on the harbour bottom on the prevailing wind lee side of the wharf. The connection must be mechanically protected to a point 2 m below the normal low tide elevation.

Rule 78-060 specifies that wiring over and under navigable water must comply with the Government of Canada’s Navigation Protection Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. N-22.

Rule 78-062 requires that installations for gasoline dispensing stations be in accordance with Section 20, with the grade or ground level of the hazardous area determined by the highest water surface and including the total tidal movement space.

Rule 78-064 requires that communication systems be installed in conformance with Section 60.

Marine wharves, fixed and floating piers, and docking facilities

The following rules in this part are specific to the above facilities.

78-100 General

Rule 78-102 applies to electrical installations on marine wharves, fixed and floating piers, and docking facilities.

Rule 78-102 requires that electrical equipment be protected by locating it

to avoid interference with vehicular traffic, docking, unloading and loading of vessels, and operation of wharf equipment
above the wharf, pier, or docking facility deck and protected from wave action, ice, storm damage, and mooring lines
to minimize the risk of damage from wave action and splashing
to avoid impact from docking vessels and vehicular traffic on the wharf

In addition, receptacles, communication systems, equipment, and other electrical apparatus, subject to mechanical damage from boats, vehicles, or other apparatus, must be protected by mounting the equipment in robust shrouds or kiosks constructed of metal, concrete bollards, plywood, or fibreglass, or by other equivalent methods.

In the next instalment, we will be discussing Section 80 – Cathodic Protection.

William (Bill) Burr is the former Chair of the Canadian Advisory Council on Electrical Safety (CACES), former Director of Electrical and Elevator Safety for the Province of BC, and former Director of Electrical and Gas Standards Development and former Director of Conformity Assessment at CSA Group. Bill can be reached at Burr and Associates Consulting; billburr@gmail.com

* The source for this series of articles is the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I, published by CSA.

**Note the CEC Handbook is also published by CSA.